Project Title : IoT-Based Smart Farming for Livestock

Objective:
To develop a smart farming system using IoT technology that helps monitor and manage the health, behavior, and environment of livestock in real time to improve productivity, reduce manual labor, and ensure animal welfare.

What It Does:
The system uses sensors and smart devices attached to or around livestock to track parameters like body temperature, heart rate, movement, feeding habits, and surrounding environmental conditions. Data is sent to the cloud, where it can be analyzed and accessed remotely via a mobile or web application.

 Key Features & Components:

Health Monitoring:

Use wearable sensors to track body temperature, heart rate, and activity levels.

Detect early signs of illness or stress for timely veterinary care.

Location Tracking:

Use GPS modules or RFID tags to track the real-time location of each animal.

Helps prevent loss or theft of livestock and supports pasture management.

Environmental Monitoring:

Monitor barn or field conditions such as temperature, humidity, and air quality.

Adjust ventilation or heating systems automatically based on the data.

Feeding and Watering Automation:

Automate feeding schedules and water supply using smart actuators and sensors to monitor food/water levels.

Alert farmers when food or water supply is low.

Behavior Analysis:

Track movement patterns to detect unusual behavior (e.g., lameness, aggression).

Identify estrus periods for breeding management.

Data Analytics and Alerts:

Analyze collected data on a dashboard or app.

Send notifications or alerts if any abnormal behavior, health issues, or environmental risks are detected.

Tools & Technologies:

Microcontrollers: Arduino, ESP32, Raspberry Pi

Sensors: Heart rate sensors, temperature sensors, motion detectors, GPS, RFID, gas sensors (for ammonia/methane levels)

Communication Protocols: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, LoRa, or GSM for remote data transmission

Cloud Platforms: Firebase, AWS IoT, ThingSpeak for data storage and visualization

Mobile/Web App: For real-time monitoring, alerts, and control

Benefits:

Improves livestock health and welfare through early detection of issues

Reduces labor with automation of feeding and monitoring

Increases productivity and efficiency of farm operations

Supports data-driven decision-making for better livestock management

 Applications:

Dairy farms, poultry farms, sheep and goat herding, cattle tracking

Large-scale livestock operations requiring real-time monitoring

Integration with farm management systems and smart agriculture tools