Blockchain-Based Healthcare Data Management System

Objective:

To develop a secure, interoperable, and patient-centric system for managing healthcare data using blockchain technology, ensuring data privacy, integrity, and real-time access across hospitals, clinics, labs, and patients.

Key Features:

Decentralized Health Records – Patients’ medical data is securely stored and shared without a central authority.

Patient-Centric Control – Patients own and control who accesses their health records.

Immutable Data Storage – Ensures that once records are added, they cannot be tampered with.

Smart Contracts for Access Management – Automates permissions for data access and sharing.

Interoperability – Allows different healthcare providers to access standardized records.

Audit Trails – Transparent logs of who accessed or modified data, and when.

Consent Management System – Patients can give/revoke consent to providers digitally.

Emergency Access Mode – Authorized emergency personnel can gain temporary access during critical events.

Technologies Used:

Blockchain Platforms: Ethereum / Hyperledger Fabric / Polygon

Smart Contracts: Solidity (Ethereum) / Chaincode (Hyperledger)

Frontend: React.js / Angular (for patient & provider dashboards)

Backend: Node.js / Express.js / Python Flask

Off-chain Storage: IPFS / Secure cloud storage for large files (e.g., images, scans)

Encryption: AES-256, RSA for secure data sharing

Authentication: OAuth2 / Biometric Login / Digital IDs

Compliance Tools: HIPAA / GDPR-oriented design

How It Works:

Data Generation:

Medical records are generated by clinics, labs, or hospitals.

Encryption & Upload:

Records are encrypted and stored off-chain; a cryptographic hash and metadata are stored on the blockchain.

Patient Authorization:

Patients manage access rights via a dashboard using smart contracts.

Data Access by Providers:

Providers request access; smart contracts validate permissions before granting access.

Audit Logs & Updates:

Every access and update is recorded immutably for compliance and transparency.

Benefits:

Data Ownership: Empowers patients to control their own health data.

Security: Reduces risk of data breaches with encrypted, distributed records.

Interoperability: Seamless data exchange across platforms and providers.

Trust & Transparency: Immutable logs boost trust among patients and providers.

Faster Response: Speeds up access to accurate patient data during emergencies.

Regulatory Compliance: Supports adherence to data protection laws (HIPAA, GDPR).