Overview:

The IoT-based Health Monitoring System is an innovative project designed to continuously monitor a patient’s vital health parameters such as heart rate, body temperature, oxygen level (SpO₂), and blood pressure using smart sensors and IoT technology.

The system automatically collects health data and sends it to a cloud platform, where it can be accessed in real-time by doctors, caregivers, or family members through a web or mobile dashboard.

It helps in early diagnosis, remote patient monitoring, and emergency alerts, making it ideal for hospitals, old-age homes, and telemedicine applications.

Objectives:

• To design an IoT-based system for continuous and remote health monitoring.

• To automatically record and transmit vital health data to the cloud in real time.

• To alert healthcare providers or family members when abnormal readings are detected.

• To enhance patient safety, especially for elderly and chronically ill individuals.

Key Features:

1. Real-time Health Tracking: Measures heart rate, temperature, oxygen level, and BP in real time.

2. Cloud Connectivity: Sends sensor data to the cloud for live monitoring.

3. Mobile & Web Dashboard: Displays real-time graphs, statistics, and alerts.

4. Automatic Alerts: Sends SMS, email, or app notifications in case of abnormal readings.

5. Remote Access: Doctors or caregivers can view patient data anytime, anywhere.

6. Data Logging: Stores historical health data for future medical analysis.

7. Multiple Patient Monitoring: Can track multiple users in hospital or home settings.

8. Compact and Portable: Can be worn or placed near the patient for comfort.

Tech Stack:

Hardware Components:

• Microcontroller: NodeMCU (ESP8266) / ESP32 / Arduino UNO

• Sensors:

  • Heartbeat Sensor (Pulse Sensor)

  • Temperature Sensor (LM35 / DS18B20)

  • SpO₂ Sensor (MAX30100 / MAX30102)

  • Blood Pressure Sensor (optional)

• Display (optional): LCD / OLED screen to show readings locally

• Wi-Fi Module: ESP8266 or ESP32 for cloud connectivity

• Power Supply: Rechargeable battery or USB power

Software & Tools:

• Frontend: HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, JavaScript

• Backend: Node.js / PHP / Python (Flask or Django)

• Database: Firebase / MySQL / MongoDB

• IoT Platform: ThingSpeak / Blynk / MQTT / Firebase Realtime Database

• Mobile App (optional): Flutter / React Native for patient or doctor interface

System Workflow:

1. Data Collection:
   Sensors continuously measure health parameters like pulse rate, body temperature, and oxygen saturation.

2. Data Processing:
   The microcontroller collects and processes the data, filtering noise for accurate readings.

3. Cloud Transmission:
   The processed data is sent to the IoT cloud server using Wi-Fi in real time.

4. Data Visualization:
   The cloud dashboard or mobile app displays live readings and trends in graphical form.

5. Alert System:
   When readings exceed safe thresholds (e.g., high temperature or low SpO₂), the system instantly sends alerts to doctors or family members.

Use Case Example:

An elderly person at home wears the IoT Health Monitor device.
If their heart rate drops below 50 bpm, the system automatically sends an alert to their doctor and children via the mobile app.
Doctors can access the real-time data dashboard to analyze the patient’s condition and recommend immediate action — saving time and possibly a life.

Applications:

• Hospitals: Continuous monitoring of patients in ICUs or general wards.

• Elderly Care: Remote health tracking for senior citizens at home.

• Chronic Disease Management: For patients with diabetes, hypertension, or heart disease.

• Emergency Services: Quick access to patient vitals for faster medical response.

• Home Health Monitoring: Enables family members to keep track of loved ones’ health.

Future Enhancements:

• Integration with AI/ML models for predictive health analytics.

• Wearable smart band version for 24/7 tracking.

• GPS integration for emergency location tracking.

• Voice assistant support for health updates (Alexa/Google Assistant).

• Integration with hospital systems (EHR) for automatic report updates.